Secondly it can deduplicate using large chunks during backup ingestion and then dedupe using small blocks as post-process. Firstly it can detect duplicate files during ingestion, store only a single copy and then do block-level dedupe as post-process. The article is not clear what exactly this means. It mixes “Hash-based inline deduplication” and “Post-process, content-aware deduplication”. If I look at the deduplication features a few things look interesting vis-a-vis those that I have put into Pcompress. Potentially handles upto 16PB of backup storage with Global Deduplication – Great! The performance and features on paper are really top of the line. In some cases, zero-byte files may be used to convey information like file metadata (for example, its filename may contain an instruction to a user viewing a directory listing such as documents-have-been-moved-to-partition-D, etc.) or to put in a directory to ensure that it is nonempty, since some tools such as backup and revision control software may ignore the empty directories.Came across this news piece on Register dated back to October: Zero-byte files cannot be loaded or used by most applications.

Conversely, zero-byte files must use some disk space to be indexed by a filesystem, though none for content. Some very simple formats do not use metadata, such as ASCII text files these may validly be zero bytes (a common convention terminates text files with a one- or two-byte newline, however). When the zero-byte file is made, file system does not record the file's content on storage, but only updates its index table.Įven a file describing an empty word processor document, an image file with zero-by-zero dimensions, or an audio file of length zero seconds usually still contains metadata identifying the file format and describing some basic attributes of the file it results in the file with some positive size. Because writes are cached in memory and only flushed to disk at a later time ( page cache), a program that does not flush its writes to disk or terminate normally may result in a zero-byte file. Zero-byte files may arise in cases where a program creates a file but aborts or is interrupted prematurely while writing to it. On Unix-like systems, the shell command $ touch filename results in a zero-byte file filename. There are many ways that could manually create a zero-byte file, for example, saving empty content in a text editor, using utilities provided by operating systems, or programming to create it.

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